■20220203(木曜日:曇)
■今朝は走らずに休みました。目覚ましは5時半に合わせてあったのですが、やはり習慣でしょうか、5時少し過ぎに目が覚めてしまいましたので、そのまま起き出しました。
今朝は缶・ビン・ペットボトルを集める日ですので、昨日分別しておいた三つの袋を持って、所定の場所まで持って行きました。新聞をとって家に戻り、朝食の準備を始めました。
今朝は走りませんでしたので、少し量を減らしました。クロワッサン一個とコーヒー、そして納豆におからパウダーを加えた後よくかき混ぜ、豆乳ヨーグルトには少しジャムを入れて朝食としました。果物としては、ぶどう6粒とバナナ1本を2人で分け合いました。ぶどうは、シャインマスカット。洗うだけで、皮ごと食べられるのは本当に楽ですし、甘味もあって最高です。
■さて、今日は節分です。ネットで調べてみますと、節分とは本来は季節の分かれ目である立春・立夏・立秋・立冬の前日のこと。年に4回ありますが、室町時代あたりから、節分といえば立春の前日を指すようになりました。
旧暦では、春が新年の象徴だったため、立春前日の節分は大晦日のようなもの。昔は季節の変わり目には邪気(人の身に病気を起こすと信じられた悪い気)が入りやすいと考えられ、年の変わり目でもある立春前日の節分に、邪気の象徴である鬼を追い払う行事が定着した、とあります。
炒った豆を神棚にお供えし、夜に家長が行うのが豆まきの正式なやり方だそうです。我が家も毎年、私が北と南の玄関と窓から外に向かって豆を撒いています。
2年からは新型コロナウイルスという邪気が世界中を覆っています。一刻も早く、コロナウイルスが人類と共存できるように変異して、世界が落ち着いてほしいと願うばかりです。
■どうして豆で鬼退治するの?
鬼は邪気や厄の象徴。形の見えない災害、病、飢饉などの人間の想像力を越えた恐ろしい出来事は、鬼の仕業と考えられてきました。
鬼を追い払うためにまくのは大豆。大豆は五穀のひとつで、穀霊が宿るとされていました。そして、「豆を炒る」ことが「魔目を射る」に通じて「魔滅(まめ)」となるため、煎った大豆(福豆)を使って鬼を払うのです。
豆はまく前に、枡に入れて神棚に供えると、神様の力が宿って鬼を退治するパワーが増すそう。神棚がない場合は南の方角の目線より高い場所に、白い紙を敷いてお供えしましょう。
■豆まきはいつ、どうやってやるの?
鬼は真夜中にやってくるとされているので、豆まきは夜に行います。できれば家族全員がそろっているとよいでしょう。
豆まきは一家の幸せを願う行事なので、本来は家長が豆をまきます。その年の「年男」や「年女」も吉とされています。
豆まきのしかたは地方や家によって異なりますが、基本的には、窓を開け「鬼は外!」と大きな声で唱えながら外に向かって豆をまき、鬼が戻ってこないようすぐに窓を閉めて「福は内!」と室内に豆をまきます。家の奥から順番に、最後は玄関までまいて家中の鬼を追い払いましょう。
豆まきのあとは、1年を無病息災で過ごせるよう年の数だけ福豆を食べましょう。食べる豆の数は一般的には満年齢+1。全部食べきれない場合は、梅干しと塩昆布と豆3粒を入れた「福茶」を飲むといいですよ。
■英語版
This morning I rested instead of running. My alarm was set to go off at 5:30 a.m., but I woke up a little after 5:00 a.m., probably out of habit, so I just got up.
This morning was the day for collecting cans, bottles, and plastic bottles, so I took the three bags I had sorted yesterday to the designated place. After picking up the newspaper, I came home and started preparing breakfast.
I didn’t run this morning, so I cut back a bit on breakfast. I had a croissant, coffee, natto (fermented soybeans) with okara powder and stirred it well, and soy milk yogurt with a little jam for breakfast. As for fruits, we shared six grapes and a banana between the two of us. The grapes were Shine Muscat. It’s really easy to just wash them and eat the whole skin, and they have a great sweet taste.
Well, today is Setsubun. Today is Setsubun, the day before Risshun, Risshun summer, Risshun autumn, and Risshun winter, which is the division of the seasons, according to the Internet. There are four such days in a year, but since the Muromachi period (1336-1573), the term Setsubun has come to refer to the day before Risshun.
In the old calendar, Risshun was the symbol of the New Year, so Setsubun, the day before Risshun, is like New Year’s Eve. In the old days, it was believed that evil spirits (bad spirits that were believed to cause illness in people) could easily enter at the change of seasons, and the event to drive away demons, the symbol of evil spirits, was established on Setsubun, the day before Risshun, which is also the change of the year.
It is said that the official way of throwing beans is to offer roasted beans to a Shinto shrine and have the head of the household do it at night. Every year in our house, I throw beans from the north and south entrances and windows.
Since the 2nd year, a new type of coronavirus has been sweeping over the world. I can only hope that the coronavirus will mutate to coexist with humanity as soon as possible and the world will settle down.
(Q)Why do we use beans to kill demons?
(A)Oni is a symbol of evil spirits and bad luck. Horrible events beyond human imagination, such as invisible disasters, diseases, and famines, have been thought to be the work of demons.
To drive away the demons, soybeans are sown. Soybeans are one of the five grains, and it was believed that the grain spirit resides in them. Roasted soybeans (Fukumame) are used to drive away demons because “roasting beans” is the same as “shooting demons in the eye”, which means “destroying demons”.
It is said that if you put the beans in a masu (a box) and offer them to a Shinto shrine before throwing them, the power of the gods will dwell in the beans and increase their power to drive out demons. If you don’t have a Shinto shrine, place it in the south direction, above your eye level, and lay out a piece of white paper to offer.
(Q)When and how do we do Mamemaki?
(A)It is said that demons come in the middle of the night, so bean-throwing is done at night. It is best if the whole family is present.
Since Mamemaki is an event to wish for the happiness of the family, the head of the family usually throws the beans. It is also said to be good luck for the “New Year’s Boy” or “New Year’s Girl” of the year.
The method of bean-throwing varies from region to region and from house to house, but basically, open the window and chant “Oni wa soto! (Oni wa soto!) in a loud voice, and then quickly close the window to prevent the demons from coming back. and throw the beans inside the house. Start from the back of the house and go all the way to the front door to drive away all the demons.
After the bean-throwing ceremony, let’s eat as many beans as the number of the year so that we can live a year with good health and good health. If you can’t eat all of the beans, you can drink a cup of “Fuku-cha”, which contains dried plums, salted kelp, and three beans.
Translated with www.DeepL.com/Translator (free version)